Advanced Driver Assistance System Integration with Electronic Toll Collection: Seamless Payment Processing for Autonomous and Connected Vehicles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT24113393Keywords:
Autonomous vehicles, electronic toll collection, ADAS integration, V2I communication, blockchain authentication, connected vehicles, intelligent transportation systems, DAG ledger, MaaSAbstract
This paper presents an advanced integration framework between Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) that enables seamless, high-speed payment processing for autonomous (AVs) and connected vehicles (CVs). The proposed Autonomous Vehicle Toll Integration System (AVTIS) directly addresses the technical and regulatory challenges of next-generation transportation, where transactions must be entirely automatic, secure, and instantaneous at full highway speeds. Our methodology establishes secure, dedicated communication protocols between vehicle onboard units, roadside infrastructure, and a decentralized payment network. Crucially, AVTIS employs a hybrid blockchain architecture—leveraging Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) technology for high throughput—to ensure secure, pseudonymous vehicle authentication and non-repudiable payment authorization while strictly maintaining user privacy. We introduce a novel, state-aware V2I communication protocol specifically designed to guarantee transaction finality within the brief communication window available at high speeds. The framework supports diverse payment mechanisms, including cryptocurrency and digital wallets, and features advanced security measures against spoofing and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Experimental validation using both simulation and a limited real-world deployment demonstrates exceptional transaction success rates and complete integration capability with existing ETC systems, marking a critical step toward fully automated mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) ecosystems.
Downloads
References
Ali, G., K. D. R., & Ahmed, M. (2020). A blockchain-based secure payment system for autonomous vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 159, 102640.
Chen, S., Hu, J., & Zhang, Y. (2020). High-reliability and low-latency communication for C-V2X based platooning: An experimental study. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 21(5), 2115-2124.
Choi, T., Y. H. S., & Lee, D. (2017). Analysis of Automated License Plate Recognition (ALPR) toll collection system performance and failure cause. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 51(3), 619-633.
Guler, G., & Ozturk, M. (2019). An efficient and privacy-preserving GNSS-based electronic toll collection system using fog computing. Ad Hoc Networks, 88, 126-136.
IEEE Standards Association. (2016). IEEE 1609.2-2016: Standard for Security Services for Applications and Management Messages in Vehicular Environments.
Jittrapirom, P., H. A., & S. O. (2018). The role of seamless payment integration in Mobility as a Service (MaaS) adoption. Transport Policy, 64, 46-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2018.07.001
Kumar, M., & Saravanan, S. (2018). A comprehensive review of Electronic Toll Collection systems and associated challenges. International Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 7(3), 332-345.
Arcot, Siva Venkatesh. (2022). Secure Cloud-Native GNN Architecture for Multi-Channel Contact Center Flow Orchestration. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science Engineering and Information Technology. 8. 565-581. 10.32628/CSEIT2541328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT2541328
Kumar, R., & Park, H. S. (2019). DAG-based secure data sharing and transaction management in vehicular networks. IEEE Access, 7, 73523-73536.
Li, S., L. G., & W. T. (2019). A high-speed secure payment protocol for connected vehicles in ETC systems. Sensors, 19(21), 4784.
Liu, Y., F. Z., & Wang, Q. (2017). A review on blockchain technology for vehicular networks. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 4(5), 1838-1845.
Nkenyereye, L., Z. K., & L. D. (2020). A secure and efficient C-V2X communication framework for autonomous vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 69(1), 1024-1035.
Shahbazi, M., M. M., & A. H. (2017). Security and privacy challenges in intelligent transportation systems: A comprehensive review. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 19(3), 1876-1896.
Sun, Z., S. W., & F. H. (2021). Resource allocation for guaranteed message delivery in C-V2X based ETC systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 22(1), 415-426.
Oleti, Chandra Sekhar. (2022). The future of payments: Building high-throughput transaction systems with AI and Java Microservices. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews. 16. 1401-1411. 10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1281
Taleb, T., L. X., & S. H. (2019). Beyond 5G for intelligent transport systems: A holistic framework for seamless V2X communications. IEEE Communications Magazine, 57(3), 72-78.
Gujjala, Praveen Kumar Reddy. (2022). Data science pipelines in lakehouse architectures: A scalable approach to big data analytics. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews. 16. 1412-1425. 10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1305
Wang, J., H. J., & P. X. (2018). Blockchain-based payment scheme for distributed electric vehicle charging in smart grid. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 14(8), 3762-3772.
Sandeep Kamadi. (2022). Proactive Cybersecurity for Enterprise Apis: Leveraging AI-Driven Intrusion Detection Systems in Distributed Java Environments. International Journal of Research in Computer Applications and Information Technology (IJRCAIT), 5(1), 34-52.Wang, W., L. F., & X. T. (2020). Decentralized attribute-based encryption for privacy preservation in intelligent transportation systems. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 7(7), 6429-6440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34218/IJRCAIT_05_01_004
Wen, T., K. K., & L. H. (2019). A blockchain-based trusted identity management scheme for connected and autonomous vehicles. Computers & Security, 82, 33-47.
Gollapudi, Pavan Kumar. (2022). Predictive Analytics for Proactive Quality Assurance in Guidewire Cloud Implementations. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science Engineering and Information Technology. 8. 520-536. 10.32628/CSEIT23902190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT23902190
Yildirim, E., B. S., & O. I. (2017). A novel secure distance-based electronic toll collection system using vehicular networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 63, 67-80.
Zhang, Y., J. W., & S. L. (2021). Cloud-based payment arbitration for shared autonomous vehicle services. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 124, 102930.
Zhao, L., M. K., & G. P. (2016). Security and privacy enhancement for vehicular communications: A survey. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 76, 1-17.
Sandeep Kamadi. (2022). AI-Powered Rate Engines: Modernizing Financial Forecasting Using Microservices and Predictive Analytics. InternationalJournal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), 13(2), 220-233. https://iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/Journal_uploads/IJCET/VOLUME_13_ISSUE_2/IJCET_13_02_024.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.34218/IJCET_13_02_024
Chandra Sekhar Oleti. (2022). Serverless Intelligence: Securing J2ee-Based Federated Learning Pipelines on AWS. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), 13(3), 163-180. https://iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/Journal_uploads/IJCET/VOLUME_13_ISSUE_3/IJCET_13_03_017.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.34218/IJCET_13_03_017
Praveen Kumar Reddy Gujjala. (2022). Enhancing Healthcare Interoperability Through Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: A Predictive Analytics Framework for Unified Patient Care. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), 13(3), 181-192. https://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCET?Volume=13&Issue=3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.34218/IJCET_13_03_018
https://iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/Journal_uploads/IJRCAIT/VOLUME_5_ISSUE_1/IJRCAIT_05_01_004.pdf
Arcot, Siva Venkatesh. (2022). Federated Learning Framework for Privacy- Preserving Voice Biometrics in Multi-Tenant Contact Centers. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research. 4.
Gollapudi, Pavan Kumar. (2022). Intelligent Data Analytics Platform for Insurance Domain Test Data Management and Privacy Preservation. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology. 8. 553-564. 10.32628/CSEIT2541327. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT2541327
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
